Custard Apple

Custard Apple thrives in humid tropical regions, and in areas like South India, West Indian or West Indian–hybrid varieties are particularly suitable due to their strong heat tolerance.

Grafted plants are highly recommended as they begin bearing fruit much sooner than seed-grown trees.

The crop grows best in mild temperatures (15–30°C) and requires protection from frost or cold winds, which can damage young flowers and shoots.

Select well-drained, organic-rich soil and avoid heavy clay soils that retain too much water.

Recommended Spacing: Grafted trees: 4 m × 4 m; Seed-grown trees: 6 m × 6 m

Farmers usually dig 60 × 60 × 60 cm pits, enrich them with compost or well-decomposed farmyard manure, and plant during the monsoon season for better root establishment.

Custard Apple is drought-tolerant, but it is very sensitive to waterlogging. Proper irrigation significantly improves fruit size, sweetness, and yield.

Young plants require consistent moisture, while mature trees can tolerate longer intervals between irrigations. Never allow water to stagnate around the root zone.

During summer water twice a week to maintain moist—but not soggy—soil.

Critical Stage (Flowering & Fruit Development): Irrigate every 7–10 days to improve fruit size, prevent cracking, and support flower retention.

Drip irrigation is highly recommended because it: Provides uniform moisture, Saves water, Minimizes fungal diseases caused by wet foliage, Promotes healthier root development

Mulch with dry leaves, husk, straw, or coconut waste to reduce evaporation and maintain soil temperature.

Common pests affecting Custard Apple include: Mealybugs, Aphids, Leaf miners, Fruit flies

Install sticky traps or pheromone traps to monitor and control fruit flies.

Use neem oil, chilli–garlic extract, or insecticidal soap during flowering and early fruit set.

Maintain good orchard hygiene by removing weeds and fallen fruits.

Avoid overwatering to reduce fungal and root-related issues.

Keep the soil well-drained to prevent root rot and other moisture-related diseases.

Grafted trees begin fruiting in 3–4 years, while seed-grown trees may take 7–8 years.

A well-maintained, mature tree can yield 150–500 fruits annually, depending on: Variety, Climate, Soil health

Custard Apple is usually ready for harvest 90–120 days after fruit set, depending on the region and variety.

It matures on the tree but ripens after harvest, so proper timing is crucial.

Signs of Maturity are the segments (carpels) appear well-separated and more prominent; The skin turns pale green or slightly yellowish; 
The fruit feels firm but not hard.