Mangosteen Farming

Mangosteen thrives in warm, humid tropical climates with abundant rainfall.

Ideal temperature range: 25–35°C

Highly sensitive to drought, dry winds, and frost

Consistent moisture and humidity are essential for healthy growth.

Prefers deep, well-drained loamy soil rich in organic matter

Dig pits of 60 × 60 × 60 cm. Mix topsoil with 20–25 kg compost/FYM and 1 kg neem cake

Plant during the monsoon season for strong establishment and reduced watering needs.

Young mangosteen plants are highly sensitive to direct sunlight. Provide partial shade for the first 2–3 years.

Intercrops such as banana or papaya work well as natural shade providers and help maintain humidity.

Maintain consistent soil moisture, especially during dry spells. Avoid waterlogging, as it leads to root rot.

Drip irrigation is ideal for delivering uniform moisture while conserving water.

Mulch helps protect the shallow root system. Use coconut husk, dry leaves, rice straw, or grass mulch.

Mangosteen requires minimal pruning but benefits from regular maintenance. Remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches.

Maintain an open canopy to improve airflow and reduce fungal disease risks.

Avoid heavy pruning, especially in young trees.

Common Issues are Root rot, anthracnose, fruit borer, and leaf miner.

Ensure proper drainage to prevent root rot.

Practice strict orchard hygiene, including removing fallen fruits, removing infected leaves or branches and regular weeding

Maintain recommended spacing (8–10 m) to reduce humidity buildup.

Neem oil (2–3%) spray for early-stage pest attacks such as leaf miners and fruit borers.

Use pheromone traps or light traps to monitor pest populations.

Grafted trees start fruiting in 8–10 years; seed-grown may take 15–20 years.

A healthy, mature mangosteen tree can produce 200–500 fruits per year, depending on Variety, Soil fertility, Irrigation, Pest and disease management

Mangosteen fruits are ready for harvest when the outer skin turns deep purple.

The rind becomes slightly soft to the touch. The internal white carpels are fully developed and plump.

Harvest carefully using hand-picking or secateurs to avoid damaging the fruit.

Mangosteen continues to ripen after picking. Handle fruits gently to prevent cracking of the outer shell.

Store in a cool, shaded area to maintain freshness and reduce spoilage.